Tag: Gypsy

Settela Film Auschwitz Museum • 20260522

Deportation of Dutch Roma to Auschwitz – 19 May 1944 • 9-year-old Anna Maria (Settela) Steinbach was deported together with 244 other Roma from Westerbork to Auschwitz (1,2) • Source : Settela•Com • Collection Auschwitz Museum • URL https://fb.watch/Hgg5lusc-8/

The Auschwitz Museum acquired the short film ‘Settela’ from Settela•Com (1) in the Auschwitz Memorial Collection (3), and is succesfully screening the film each year since 2019 on the 19th May at the Auschwitz Memorial / Muzeum Auschwitz facebook page .

Last year’s post of the film ‘Settela’ , 19th May 2025 at the Auschwitz Memorial / Muzeum Auschwitz facebook page, accumulated by now one million views, and over 3000 comments (Image 1MEMO_20260522).

The film was created in an attempt to keep the scene on screen longer on the one hand, and to preserve the natural and historical original on the other. Thus a compilation was created, showing the same scene twice. The film ends with the original 3 seconds clip selected from the Westerbork film footage shot by Jewish prisoner Rudolf Breslauer (4), and the film starts with that same clip , digitally slowed down 10× in post-production.

This film was created and first online in 2017 (5) , and published (antedated) as the first post (1) shortly after the start May 19, 2019, of the online journal Settela•Communications — short Settela•Com (6).

More on the Roma in Auschwitz , online at the Auschwitz Museum (7).

Notes

1- Settela | 20170721 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2017/07/21

2 – Genocide • 20260519 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2026/05/19

3 – Settela • Auschwitz Memorial Collection, Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum • Facebook reels (retrieved May 22, 2026) URL https://www.facebook.com/reel/1461275455190451 •

4 – Settela Steinbach in Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 (accessed 2026 May 18) URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZiLNDziwEtc&t=1012s

5 – Settela | 20170721 | michelvanderburg.com | URL https://michelvanderburg.com/2017/07/21/settela/ . Credit line changed later.

6 – Settela | Settela•Com | 20190519 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 |

7 – The Roma in Auschwitz. Auschwitz Museum. URL https://lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_roma_auschwitz

TAGS #Auschwitz #museum #memorial #slowmotion #Settela #Steinbach #girl #child #headscarf #railcar #train #deportation #Westerbork #Netherlands #camp #Westerborkfilm #film #Breslauer #nomad #Roma #Sinti #gypsy #Jew #Holocaust #Porajmos #genocide #SettelaCom #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg

Citation info : Settela Film Auschwitz Museum • 20260522 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2026/05/22

The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance


The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance | Karola Fings and Bas Kortholt | The Memory of Kamp Westerbork exhibition project

Online Lecture Feb 8, 2023 — The moving image of a young girl with a white headscarf, minutes before being deported to an unknown destination. The short clip became iconographic for the persecution of Dutch Jews. Only in the 1990s, it was discovered that the girl’s name was Settela Steinbach. She was one of 247 Sinti and Roma deported to Auschwitz from Westerbork in May 1944.

The late clarification of the identity of the victim symbolises how little the public and research were interested in the genocide of the Sinti and Roma after 1945. Yet hundreds of thousands were persecuted and expelled in Europe, locked up in camps, deported, shot, forcibly sterilised or murdered in gas chambers. In the lecture, Dr Karola Fings also looks at the pre- and post-history of the genocide. The subsequent dialogue with Bas Kortholt focusses on coming to terms with and remembering this genocide in the Netherlands.

From November 2022 to September 2023, the Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork presents a monthly online lecture as part of The Memory of Kamp Westerbork exhibition project. The online lecture series provides academic background on various parts of the exhibition and the topics concerned.

Dr. Karola Fings is a historian and Deputy Director of the NS-Documentation Center of the City of Cologne. Bas Kortholt is a researcher of the Camp Westerbork Memorial Centre

Links
https://www.kampwesterbork.nl/programma/digitaal/online-collegereeks

TAGS #online #education #lecture #research #recognition #remembrance #Bas Kortholt #Karola Fings #Cologne #Netherlands #Westerbork #III Reich #nazi #genocide #zigeuner #Tsigane #Gypsy #Roma #Sinti #Samudaripen #Settela #Rom #Manouche #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #Porrajmos #1Memo #SettelaCom

Post reference : The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance | 20230210 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias

Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias

The French author, historian and libertarian, Claire Auzias researches social movements, women’s history and Roma’s history (1). She has written several works on the Roma’s history in the last 20 years. Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies, first appeared in 1999/2000 (2,3), and is now followed by the 3rd edition (4) published by L’Esprit Frappeur (Paris).
In her book Samudaripen, Claire Auzias sheds light on this poorly documented genocide in the III Reich , Eastern Europe, and Western Europe. This entirely revised 3rd edition now includes two new chapters — one on Switzerland by Claire Auzias, and one on The Netherlands by Erik Van Den Muijzenberg. Claire Auzias , in her foreword (5) : “…the patient discovery of the identity of an anonymous icon of the deportation, in the guise of a Dutch Sinti girl, made the chapter on the Netherlands obligatory, at least for those of the French gypsies who do not read foreign languages.”

Notes

1 – Dr Claire Auzias Researcher Associate At Socius. URL https://socius.rc.iseg.ulisboa.pt/cv_membros/ClaireAuzias_CV_ING_Setembro2011.pdf

2 – Claire Auzias interview (2009) “Samudaripen” – Un entretien avec Claire Auzias, auteure du livre “Samudaripen, le génocide des Tziganes” aux éditions L’Esprit frappeur. Réalisé fin octobre 2009 par Bruno Boudiguet pour Télé Liberté / Le Cobaye international . Dailymotion URL https://dai.ly/xb9lah

3 – Jean-Jacques Gandini (2000) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes | Claire Auzias – L’Esprit frappeur, Paris, 2000. Le Monde diplomatique , Oct 2000 . URL https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2000/10/GANDINI/2512

4 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | URL https://livrelibre.fr/categorie/livres/editeurs/esprit-frappeur/

5 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | Avant Propos : “…la découverte patiente de l’identité d’une icône anonyme de la déportation, sous les traits d’une fillette sinti hollandaise, rendait obligatoire le chapitre sur les Pays-Bas, a minima à l’attention de ceux des Tsiganes français qui ne lisent pas les langues étrangères.”

License info :
Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias | 20221210 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

TakeNode 794567ca-5db5-4945-8ffd-84949ec736ef

TAGS #ClaireAuzias #France #Netherlands #Europe #IIIReich #nazi #genocide #zigeuner #Tsigane #Gypsy #Roma #Sinti #Samudaripen #Settela #book #Esprit #Frappeur #Rom #Manouche #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #Porrajmos #1Memo #SettelaCom #michelvanderburg

ISSN 2949-9313 Registration Settela•Com

issn registration 20221126 settelae280a2com issn 2949 9313

Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 Registration – as ongoing integrating resource published by Miracles.Media (Netherlands) confirmed by the ISSN Centre of the Koninklijke Bibliotheek – the Netherlands National Library, Friday, 25th Nov 2022.
Settela•Com aims to online document and facilitate research of the Westerbork images, the use of the film in other works, the context of the camp and of the war in the Netherlands, and the destruction of diversity.
Settela•Com was made public with the first publication on May 19, 2019 — 75 years after the deportation of the Sinti girl Settela Steinbach from camp Westerbork was filmed — with the online premiere of the new one-minute film ‘Settela’.
From that first publication, contributions are published irregularly, with an average frequency of about once a month, mainly in English and Dutch, on the settela.com website.
Settela•Com welcomes contributions (English, Dutch, French) by submission of posts, papers, suggestions, or proposals within the scope of the platform.
ISSN Registration | 20221126 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313
TakeNode ID 44b0c33b-2be4-4fd7-816b-c38d35cdcbb5

Samudaripen Book Cover

Samudaripen Book Cover | 20221118 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313


For Settela•Com , Michel worked with Elisabeth Obadia at the small publishing house L’Esprit Frappeur in Paris and the Tokyo based French visual artist Benoit Dupuis (eden-olympia.net), by preparing a high quality camera-original still image of Settela (Ref 1) from the Westerbork film (Ref 2, 3) for the cover of the 3rd edition of the book Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Ref 4) — the genocide of the Gypsies – by author, historian, Claire Auzias. Proud with the result. Waiting for the book to arrive …

REFERENCES

1 – Settela | 20220629 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/06/29/.

2 – Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/03/02/

3 – Westerborkfilm Introduction | 20220507 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/05/07/

4 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | URL https://livrelibre.fr/categorie/livres/editeurs/esprit-frappeur/

TakeNode aacc6868-73f9-4693-9eb6-41fc1b9ecad3

TAGS #Samudaripen #Settela #ClaireAuzias #Tsigane #Gypsy #book #cover #illustration #art #France #BenoitDupuis #EspritFrappeur #ElisabethObadia #AnnaMaria #Steinbach #portrait #still #image #Westerborkfilm #documentary #Westerbork #film #Rudolf #Breslauer #restauration #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #children #concentration #camp #deportation #Jew #Netherlands #railcar #train #station #transit #UNESCO #film #Auschwitz #BergenBelsen #documentary #resistance #1Memo #SettelaCom #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg

Update

20230518 – Credits and references updated with ISSN

Vergeten Verdriet | Roma & Sinti Transport 1944

Vergeten Verdriet | Film : Judith Laemont & Gillian Morreel

Op 15 januari 1944 vertrekt Transport Z met 353 Roma en Sinti vanuit de Mechelse Kazerne Dossin in België naar Auschwitz. Later op 19 mei 1944 volgt vanuit kamp Westerbork in Nederland een transport met 245 Roma en Sinti naar Auschwitz. Het merendeel van hen keert nooit meer terug.

Deze feiten zijn gemakkelijk terug te vinden, maar de verhalen van deze vergeten slachtoffers zijn onder het stof geraakt. David Taicon vertelt het verhaal van zijn vader, Galit Brassem-Weiss dat van zijn moeder.

Vergeten Verdriet | Verhalen van David Taicon en Galit Brassem-Weiss | Documentaire : Judith Laemont & Gillian Morreel | BATAC, Mechelen.

Post reference : Vergeten Verdriet | Roma & Sinti Transport 1944 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

TAGS #Roma #Sinti #holocaust #porajmos #documentary #testimony #getuigenis #JudithLaemont #GillianMorreel #GalitBrassemWeiss #DavidTaicon #deportation #train #TransportZ #Transport #Westerbork #Netherlands #Belgium #KazerneDossin #documentary #Mechelen #Auschwitz #film #diversity #1Memo #michelvanderburg #Settela #SettelaCom #BATAC

Willy & Settela | Born Nomad

Poster image above : Willy – Settela’s older brother – photographed by Jan de Jong, when playing the violin at the age of around 7 years old.

Willy & Settela | Born Nomad | 20210519 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313
(silent film)

In 1935 the nomadic Sinti families Steinbach were photographed by Dutch photographer Jan de Jong in their caravan camp on the heath around the Heksenberg hill in the southern Netherlands. Jan de Jong was working for De Spaarnestad publishing house of the dutch weekly, catholic, illustrated magazine “Katholieke Illustratie” , that used his high quality pictures in this May 1936 spread (REF 1), with a somewhat simple romanticized short story on their origin and culture – entitled ‘Zwervers van geboorte’ or ‘Born nomad’ (my translation).

Members of other Steinbach families, I recognized in this magazine spread in the caravan window image with caption ‘Buurpraatje’ (my tr. ‘Neighbor chat’), are Anna Steinbach in the window (born 24 March 1916 – killed 31 July 1944 in Auschwitz) talking with Maria Steinbach (born 6 Nov 1912 – killed 31 July 1944 in Auschwitz) .

The 15 year old Willy (Celestinus) Steinbach (born 13 Feb 1929 in Heerlen) was deported together with his 9-year old sister Settela ((Anna Maria) Steinbach (born 23 Dec 1934 in Buchten), their brothers, sisters (Willem, Elisabeth, Johanna, Philibert, Florentina, Willem, Anna), and mother Toetela (Emilia) Steinbach (born 23 March 1902 in Antwerp, Belgium), with other Steinbach and other nomad families – all together ca 245 Sinti and Roma and ca 450 Jews – on May 19th 1944 from the dutch Camp Westerbork to Auschwitz — and some, like Willy, later to other camps.
Toetela’s eldest child Moekela (Magdalena; born 14 Sep 1922) had gone to Belgium and had been deported earlier – 15 Jan 1944 – with her 6 months old baby Jeanette – Toetela’s granddaughter – on the Z-Transport from Mechelen to Auschwitz, were they were murdered on arrival.
Note : I found Jeanette on the Transport lists in the image bank of Kazerne Dossin, Mechelen – but not yet her mother Magdalena.
Settela’s father Moeselman (Heinrich) Steinbach (born Nov 11, 1901 in Gründorf in Germany) died alone of grief June 6, 1946 in Maastricht in the Netherlands – his wife and 10 children had not survived the camps.
Their deporatation was filmed for the Westerbork Film by Rudolf Breslauer (REF 2).
This post is based on the story of the Steinbach families as researched in detail and published in book (REF 3) and film (REF 4) by Rob Hendrikx and Marouska Steinbach.

Update May 20, 2021 – Minor corrections in text , plus more detailed family information added. Poster image film replaced with clearer portrait image of Willy.

TAGS #Willy #Settela #brother #1Memo #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg #Holland #Westerbork #Porajmos #Holocaust #genocide #WesterborkFilm #violin #Celestinus #boy #headscarf #Sinti #Roma #Jew #Celestinus #Steinbach #JandeJong #Heksenberg #caravan #photography #nomad

Below – because of space and linking constraints on social media – the references, source and full credits on websites only – eg. of Settela•Com

CREDITS & REFERENCES

1 – Source – photography Jan de Jong – in ‘Zwervers van Geboorte’ | Katholieke Illustratie 7 mei 1936 No 32 (Haarlem, Spaarnestad) via Delpher archive URL https://bit.ly/3f1jv90

2 – Westerbork Film | Full version RVD 1986 | 20190605 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 (accessed 2021 May 19) URL: https://wp.me/p91enH-1x

3 – Story based on book : Settela en Willy en Het geheim van de Heksenberg (2e druk) by Rob Hendrikx and Marouska Steinbach (Heerlen : Historisch Goud – Rijckheyt, centrum voor regionale geschiedenis en Stichting Historische Kring “Het Land van Herle”, April 2017) ISBN 9789082241686. URL https://www.landvanherle.nl/product/settela-en-willy-en-het-geheim-van-de-heksenberg-2e-druk/

4 – Story based on Films : ‘Settela en Willy’ by Rob Hendrikx & Marouska Steinbach | lifepowervideo YouTube user | (accessed 2021 May 19) Deel 1 Historische Gebeurtenissen link https://youtu.be/1wI9_vt9RlY | Deel 4 Holocaust Slachtoffers https://youtu.be/wVta6g6Mo1o

Willy & Settela | Born Nomad | 20210519 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

Updates

20220604 – Format changes credit line , references

20230518 – Credits and references updated with ISSN