Tag: Porajmos

The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance

~ Settela•Com


The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance | Karola Fings and Bas Kortholt | The Memory of Kamp Westerbork exhibition project

Online Lecture Feb 8, 2023 — The moving image of a young girl with a white headscarf, minutes before being deported to an unknown destination. The short clip became iconographic for the persecution of Dutch Jews. Only in the 1990s, it was discovered that the girl’s name was Settela Steinbach. She was one of 247 Sinti and Roma deported to Auschwitz from Westerbork in May 1944.

The late clarification of the identity of the victim symbolises how little the public and research were interested in the genocide of the Sinti and Roma after 1945. Yet hundreds of thousands were persecuted and expelled in Europe, locked up in camps, deported, shot, forcibly sterilised or murdered in gas chambers. In the lecture, Dr Karola Fings also looks at the pre- and post-history of the genocide. The subsequent dialogue with Bas Kortholt focusses on coming to terms with and remembering this genocide in the Netherlands.

From November 2022 to September 2023, the Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork presents a monthly online lecture as part of The Memory of Kamp Westerbork exhibition project. The online lecture series provides academic background on various parts of the exhibition and the topics concerned.

Dr. Karola Fings is a historian and Deputy Director of the NS-Documentation Center of the City of Cologne. Bas Kortholt is a researcher of the Camp Westerbork Memorial Centre

Links
https://www.kampwesterbork.nl/programma/digitaal/online-collegereeks

TAGS #online #education #lecture #research #recognition #remembrance #Bas Kortholt #Karola Fings #Cologne #Netherlands #Westerbork #III Reich #nazi #genocide #zigeuner #Tsigane #Gypsy #Roma #Sinti #Samudaripen #Settela #Rom #Manouche #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #Porrajmos #1Memo #SettelaCom

Post reference : The Genocide of the Sinti and Roma. Research, Recognition and Remembrance | 20230210 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

SS Führer Rauter Trial Start 1948

~ Settela•Com


The former Höhere SS- und Polizeiführer in the Netherlands, H.A. Rauter, must stand trial in The Hague for his crimes, which he committed in World War II. Hanns A. Rauter, an Austrian, was the highest SS official in Nazi-occupied Holland and was tasked with setting up the camps in Westerbork and other dutch cities, and the arrests , internment and deportation of Dutch Jews , Roma, Sinti, resistance workers, and other groups of Dutch people. Dutch cinema news March (week 14) 1948 (company : Polygoon Hollands Nieuws) .
The sessions will take place on 1, 2, 3 and 22 April in the former palace on the Kneuterdijk in The Hague. The court is chaired by mr. P.G.M. van Meeuwen; attorney-at-law is mr. J. Zaayer; defender (added) is mr. K. van Rijckevorsel. SHOTS: – exterior Special Court building; – a long line of interested people stands in the rain in front of the public entrance and rushes in when the door opens; Rauter arrives, with guards, in a crook’s car in the courtyard; thick file under the arm; goes in; – interior of courtroom packed with audience: Rauter (in uniform without insignia) enters and sits down between two guards; judges enter; – session starts; Rauter makes a statement standing.

The trial news continues in the previously published film : Westerbork Film in ‘Proces Rauter’ 1948 | 20190520 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

Source : Polygoon Hollands Nieuws / Sound & Vision (Open Images).
License Info : SS Führer Rauter Trial Start 1948 | 20230127 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | TakeNode 3d48e3a5-2fc8-4d8d-ba8b-21c07d238570

NL (dutch) – SS Führer Rauter Proces Start 1948

De vroegere Höhere SS- und Polizeiführer in Nederland, H.A. Rauter, moet in Den Haag terechtstaan voor zijn misdaden, die hij beging in de Tweede Wereldoorlog. Weekjournaal van Polygoon Hollands Nieuws van week 14 uit 1948. De zittingen hebben, op 1,2,3 en 22 april plaats in het voormalige paleis aan de Kneuterdijk. Het hof staat onder voorzitterschap van jhr. mr. P.G.M. van Meeuwen; als procureur-fiscaal treedt op mr. J. Zaayer; als (toegevoegd) verdediger mr. K. van Rijckevorsel. Beeld: – ext. gebouw Bijzonder Gerechtshof; – een lange rij belangstellenden staat in de regen voor de publieke ingang en haast zich naar binnen als de deur open gaat; – Rauter arriveert, met bewakers, in een boevenwagen op de binnenplaats; dik dossier onder de arm; gaat naar binnen; – int. van een met publiek volgepakte rechtszaal: Rauter (in uniform zonder distinctieven) komt binnen en gaat – tussen twee bewakers – zitten; rechters komen binnen; – zitting begint; Rauter legt – staande – een verklaring af.

Het proces nieuws wordt vervolgd in de eerder gepubliceerde film : Westerbork Film in ‘Proces Rauter’ 1948 | 20190520 | Settela•Com

Bron : Polygoon Hollands Nieuws / Sound & Vision (Open Beelden).
License Info : SS Führer Rauter Trial Start 1948 | 20230127 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | TakeNode 3d48e3a5-2fc8-4d8d-ba8b-21c07d238570

Tags : #Nazi #film #Holocaust #Porajmos #Westerbork #TheHague #courtroom #courtyard #public #Netherlands #Rauter #cinema #Polygoon #SS #trial #rechtszaak #proces #war criminal #oorlogsmisdadiger #1Memo #michelvanderburg #SettelaCom

Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias

~ Settela•Com

Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias

The French author, historian and libertarian, Claire Auzias researches social movements, women’s history and Roma’s history (1). She has written several works on the Roma’s history in the last 20 years. Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies, first appeared in 1999/2000 (2,3), and is now followed by the 3rd edition (4) published by L’Esprit Frappeur (Paris).
In her book Samudaripen, Claire Auzias sheds light on this poorly documented genocide in the III Reich , Eastern Europe, and Western Europe. This entirely revised 3rd edition now includes two new chapters — one on Switzerland by Claire Auzias, and one on The Netherlands by Erik Van Den Muijzenberg. Claire Auzias , in her foreword (5) : “…the patient discovery of the identity of an anonymous icon of the deportation, in the guise of a Dutch Sinti girl, made the chapter on the Netherlands obligatory, at least for those of the French gypsies who do not read foreign languages.”

Notes

1 – Dr Claire Auzias Researcher Associate At Socius. URL https://socius.rc.iseg.ulisboa.pt/cv_membros/ClaireAuzias_CV_ING_Setembro2011.pdf

2 – Claire Auzias interview (2009) “Samudaripen” – Un entretien avec Claire Auzias, auteure du livre “Samudaripen, le génocide des Tziganes” aux éditions L’Esprit frappeur. Réalisé fin octobre 2009 par Bruno Boudiguet pour Télé Liberté / Le Cobaye international . Dailymotion URL https://dai.ly/xb9lah

3 – Jean-Jacques Gandini (2000) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes | Claire Auzias – L’Esprit frappeur, Paris, 2000. Le Monde diplomatique , Oct 2000 . URL https://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/2000/10/GANDINI/2512

4 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | URL https://livrelibre.fr/categorie/livres/editeurs/esprit-frappeur/

5 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | Avant Propos : “…la découverte patiente de l’identité d’une icône anonyme de la déportation, sous les traits d’une fillette sinti hollandaise, rendait obligatoire le chapitre sur les Pays-Bas, a minima à l’attention de ceux des Tsiganes français qui ne lisent pas les langues étrangères.”

License info :
Samudaripen – Genocide of the Gypsies – Claire Auzias | 20221210 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313

TakeNode 794567ca-5db5-4945-8ffd-84949ec736ef

TAGS #ClaireAuzias #France #Netherlands #Europe #IIIReich #nazi #genocide #zigeuner #Tsigane #Gypsy #Roma #Sinti #Samudaripen #Settela #book #Esprit #Frappeur #Rom #Manouche #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #Porrajmos #1Memo #SettelaCom #michelvanderburg

ISSN 2949-9313 Registration Settela•Com

~ Settela•Com

issn registration 20221126 settelae280a2com issn 2949 9313

Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 Registration – as ongoing integrating resource published by Miracles.Media (Netherlands) confirmed by the ISSN Centre of the Koninklijke Bibliotheek – the Netherlands National Library, Friday, 25th Nov 2022.
Settela•Com aims to online document and facilitate research of the Westerbork images, the use of the film in other works, the context of the camp and of the war in the Netherlands, and the destruction of diversity.
Settela•Com was made public with the first publication on May 19, 2019 — 75 years after the deportation of the Sinti girl Settela Steinbach from camp Westerbork was filmed — with the online premiere of the new one-minute film ‘Settela’.
From that first publication, contributions are published irregularly, with an average frequency of about once a month, mainly in English and Dutch, on the settela.com website.
Settela•Com welcomes contributions (English, Dutch, French) by submission of posts, papers, suggestions, or proposals within the scope of the platform.
ISSN Registration | 20221126 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313
TakeNode ID 44b0c33b-2be4-4fd7-816b-c38d35cdcbb5

Samudaripen Book Cover

~ Settela•Com
Samudaripen Book Cover | 20221118 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313


For Settela•Com , Michel worked with Elisabeth Obadia at the small publishing house L’Esprit Frappeur in Paris and the Tokyo based French visual artist Benoit Dupuis (eden-olympia.net), by preparing a high quality camera-original still image of Settela (Ref 1) from the Westerbork film (Ref 2, 3) for the cover of the 3rd edition of the book Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Ref 4) — the genocide of the Gypsies – by author, historian, Claire Auzias. Proud with the result. Waiting for the book to arrive …

REFERENCES

1 – Settela | 20220629 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/06/29/.

2 – Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/03/02/

3 – Westerborkfilm Introduction | 20220507 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/05/07/

4 – Claire Auzias (2022) Samudaripen, le génocide des Tsiganes (Samudaripen, the Genocide of the Gypsies), Paris, L’Esprit Frappeur (3nd edition 2022) ISBN 978-2-85103-051-1 | URL https://livrelibre.fr/categorie/livres/editeurs/esprit-frappeur/

TakeNode aacc6868-73f9-4693-9eb6-41fc1b9ecad3

TAGS #Samudaripen #Settela #ClaireAuzias #Tsigane #Gypsy #book #cover #illustration #art #France #BenoitDupuis #EspritFrappeur #ElisabethObadia #AnnaMaria #Steinbach #portrait #still #image #Westerborkfilm #documentary #Westerbork #film #Rudolf #Breslauer #restauration #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #children #concentration #camp #deportation #Jew #Netherlands #railcar #train #station #transit #UNESCO #film #Auschwitz #BergenBelsen #documentary #resistance #1Memo #SettelaCom #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg

Update

20230518 – Credits and references updated with ISSN

Settela Film | 20220630

~ Settela•Com

New 2022 slow motion edition based on the newly found camera-original footage (the original negative film used in Breslauer’s camera May 19, 1944) as published last year in Deportation Westerbork Film | 20210719 (REF 1).
Before in 2017 a similar first slow-motion film was published (Settela | 20170721) (REF 2) that was using the ‘duplicate’ footage (not original footage) from the 1986 RVD film (REF 3).

The 9-year-old dutch Sinti-girl Anna Maria ‘Settela’ Steinbach peeks outside , at the last moment just before the sliding door is closed , standing inside a freight wagon with 74 people on May 19 , 1944 in the Westerbork concentration camp in Holland , when this deportation train leaves for Auschwitz-Birkenau – where Settela is murdered a few months later in one of the gas chambers. Here she wears a headscarf made from a torn sheet, because the Nazis had her head shaved , and while Settela peeks outside , her mother cries behind her in the car : “Get out of there, or soon your head gets in between!”
She was filmed by the Jewish prisoner filmmaker Rudolf Breslauer as part of a documentary film being made on the Westerbork camp (REF 4,5). More info in previous posts (REF 1–10).

This film starts with a slow-motion edition (15% original speed) , followed by the unedited 3-4 seconds clip taken from the 2021 Deportation Westerbork Film (REF 1) . Note : the images bounce occasionally , due to a technical artifact — a defect in Breslauer’s camera (REF 10).

Credit

Settela Film | 20220630 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0

TAGS #Settela #slowmotion #Anna #Maria #Steinbach #portrait #image #Westerborkfilm #documentary #Westerborkfilm #Westerbork #film #Rudolf Breslauer #restauration #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #children #concentration camps #deportation #Jew #Netherlands #railcar #train #station #transitcamp #UNESCO #film #Auschwitz #Bergen-Belsen #documentary #resistance #bounce #1Memo #SettelaCom #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg

REFERENCES

1 – Deportation Westerbork Film | 20210719 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2021/07/19/deportation-westerbork-film-20210719/

2 – Settela | 20170721 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2017/07/21/settela/

3 – Westerbork Film | Full version RVD 1986 | 20190605 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0

4 – Westerborkfilm Introduction | 20220507 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2022/05/07/westerborkfilm-introduction-20220507/

5 – Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2022/03/02/westerbork-film-🎦-2021-complete-remastered-edition-20220302/

6 – ANONYM | Girl with the headscarf … | 20210416 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2021/04/16/anonym-girl-with-the-headscarf-20210416/

7 – ANONIEM | Meisje met hoofddoekje … | 20210417 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2021/04/17/anoniem-meisje-met-hoofddoekje-20210417/

8 – The Forgotten Genocide – The fate of the Sinti and Roma. Online exhibition by Tweedewereldoorlog.nl . | URL https://romasinti.eu

9 – Willy & Settela | Born Nomad | 20210519 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | URL https://settela.com/2021/05/19/willy-settela-born-nomad/

10 – Restauratie Westerborkfilm (May 12, 2021) Valentine Kuypers | Beeld en Geluid URL: https://www.beeldengeluid.nl/kennis/blog/restauratie-westerborkfilm

Update

20230518 – Credits and references updated with ISSN

Settela | 20220629

~ Settela•Com

Settela | 20220629 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | Scan camera original negative film May 19, 1944 footage Westerbork Film

The 9-year-old dutch Sinti-girl Anna Maria ‘Settela’ Steinbach peeks outside , at the last moment just before the sliding door is closed , standing inside a freight wagon with 74 people on May 19 , 1944 in the Westerbork concentration camp in Holland , when this deportation train leaves for Auschwitz-Birkenau – where Settela is murdered a few months later in one of the gas chambers. Here she wears a headscarf made from a torn sheet, because the Nazis had her head shaved , and while Settela peeks outside , her mother cries behind her in the car : “Get out of there, or soon your head gets in between!”
She was filmed by the Jewish prisoner filmmaker Rudolf Breslauer as part of a documentary film being made on the Westerbork camp (REF 1). More info in references (REF 1, 2, 3, 4).

Credit

Still image from Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0

Settela | 20220629 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0

REFERENCES

1 – Westerbork Film 🎦 2021 | 20220302 | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2022/03/02/westerbork-film-🎦-2021-complete-remastered-edition-20220302/

2 – ANONYM | Girl with the headscarf … | 20210416 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2021/04/16/anonym-girl-with-the-headscarf-20210416/

3 – ANONIEM | Meisje met hoofddoekje … | 20210417 | Michel van der Burg | Settela•Com | ISSN 2949-9313 | CC BY 4.0 | URL https://settela.com/2021/04/17/anoniem-meisje-met-hoofddoekje-20210417/

4 – The Forgotten Genocide – The fate of the Sinti and Roma. Online exhibition by Tweedewereldoorlog.nl . | URL https://romasinti.eu

TAGS #Settela #Anna #Maria #Steinbach #portait #still #image #Westerborkfilm #documentary #Westerborkfilm #Westerbork #film #Rudolf Breslauer #restauration #Roma #Sinti #Holocaust #Porajmos #children #concentration camps #deportation #Jew #Netherlands #railcar #train #station #transit camp #UNESCO #film #Auschwitz #Bergen-Belsen #documentary #resistance #Settela.com #1Memo #SettelaCom #MiraclesMedia #michelvanderburg

Update

20230518 – Credits and references updated with ISSN